An educational reference covering the most-researched peptides in the literature. Filter by research category, evidence tier, or search by name. For informational purposes only.
A 15-amino-acid peptide derived from gastric juice proteins. Extensively studied in preclinical research for its role in tendon, ligament, and gut mucosal repair. One of the most referenced peptides in connective tissue healing research.
A synthetic analogue of Thymosin Beta-4, a naturally occurring peptide involved in actin binding, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling. Research has examined its role in wound healing, cardiac tissue repair, and anti-inflammatory pathways.
A GLP-1 receptor agonist peptide with robust clinical trial data in weight management and glycemic control. Among the most studied metabolic peptides in the literature, with multiple large-scale randomized controlled trials completed.
A dual incretin receptor agonist targeting both GLP-1 and GIP receptors. Phase 3 trials have reported significant body weight reduction and metabolic improvements, establishing it as one of the most effective pharmacological approaches to obesity research.
An investigational triple agonist targeting GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors simultaneously. Phase 2 data showed substantial weight reduction at higher doses. Phase 3 trials are ongoing as of 2025.
A modified fragment of the C-terminal region of human growth hormone, studied for its potential to stimulate lipolysis without the growth-promoting effects of full-length hGH. Early clinical trials showed modest results; further research is ongoing.
A synthetic analogue of the first 29 amino acids of endogenous growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH). Stimulates pituitary release of GH via a physiological pulse pattern. Has been studied and previously approved for pediatric growth deficiency research.
A stabilized GHRH analogue with multiple randomized controlled trials, particularly in reducing visceral adiposity. Has been the subject of significant peer-reviewed research across metabolic and body composition outcomes.
A pentapeptide GH secretagogue with high selectivity for the ghrelin receptor. Research suggests it produces clean GH pulses with minimal cortisol and prolactin elevation compared to earlier GHRP compounds. Often studied alongside CJC-1295.
A GHRH analogue designed for extended half-life through albumin binding (DAC variant) or as a modified GRF for shorter action. Published human studies show significant GH and IGF-1 elevation with weekly or twice-weekly dosing.
One of the original synthetic GH secretagogues, with extensive research literature. Binds the ghrelin receptor to stimulate pulsatile GH release. Research notes significant appetite stimulation as a side effect relative to newer generation GHRP compounds.
A hexapeptide GH secretagogue related to GHRP-6, notable for research into cardioprotective mechanisms beyond GH stimulation. Preclinical data suggests direct cardiac receptor activity independent of GH pathway. Human data remains limited.
A synthetic heptapeptide analogue of the immunomodulatory peptide tuftsin. Russian clinical research has examined its anxiolytic and nootropic properties, including effects on BDNF expression and memory consolidation. Limited large-scale Western trial data.
A synthetic heptapeptide derived from the ACTH(4-10) sequence. Russian and Eastern European clinical data describes neuroprotective effects, BDNF upregulation, and potential utility in stroke recovery and cognitive enhancement contexts.
A naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide (Gly-His-Lys) first isolated from human plasma. In vitro and in vivo research documents effects on collagen and elastin synthesis, wound contraction, and broad gene expression remodeling related to tissue repair.
A 28-amino-acid peptide naturally secreted by the thymus gland. Approved in multiple countries under the name Zadaxin for hepatitis B/C and as an immune adjuvant. Research documents T-cell and dendritic cell modulation with a broad immunostimulatory profile.
The only cathelicidin identified in humans, derived from the C-terminal domain of hCAP18. Research describes both direct antimicrobial activity and immunomodulatory signaling, including roles in wound healing, inflammation regulation, and defense against bacterial biofilms.
A tripeptide fragment derived from the C-terminus of alpha-MSH. In vitro and rodent model research has explored anti-inflammatory effects in intestinal epithelial cells, with interest in applications related to gut mucosal immunity and inflammatory bowel conditions.
A melanocortin receptor agonist originally derived from Melanotan II research. FDA-approved in 2019 as Vyleesi® for hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women. Represents one of the first centrally-acting pharmacological treatments for HSDD.
A 10-amino-acid fragment of the kisspeptin family, which acts upstream of GnRH to regulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Studied in human clinical trials for reproductive hormone regulation and sexual arousal signaling. Research is active but early-stage.
A synthetic tetrapeptide analogue of the natural polypeptide Epithalamin, isolated from bovine pineal gland extracts. Russian gerontology research has proposed telomere-lengthening and antioxidant effects, with limited but published human data in aging populations.
A 16-amino-acid peptide encoded in mitochondrial DNA, identified as a retrograde hormone-like signaling molecule. Preclinical research documents roles in AMPK activation, insulin sensitivity, and exercise-mimetic metabolism. Early human studies are emerging.
A 21-amino-acid peptide encoded within the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene, first identified in research on Alzheimer's disease. Preclinical models indicate cytoprotective, anti-apoptotic, and insulin-sensitizing properties. Human data is limited but research interest is growing.
A synthetic form of GnRH studied for hormonal axis stimulation and testosterone support. FDA approval history for diagnostic use in pituitary function testing gives it one of the stronger regulatory track records among hormonal peptides.
A modified IGF-1 analog with an extended half-life, studied for muscle growth, recovery, and metabolic effects. An arginine substitution and N-terminal extension reduce insulin receptor binding relative to native IGF-1 while preserving anabolic signaling.
A peptide fragment of human growth hormone studied for fat metabolism and lipolysis without GH side effects. Research interest centers on its proposed ability to stimulate fat breakdown while avoiding the growth-promoting and insulin-desensitizing effects of full-length hGH.
One of the original GHRPs studied for potent GH stimulation. Pharmaceutical approval in Japan for diagnostic use in assessing GH reserve. Research documents strong GH pulse induction alongside concurrent cortisol and prolactin elevation.
A long-acting amylin analog studied for weight loss, often researched in combination with semaglutide as CagriSema. Phase 2 and Phase 3 data describe additive effects on body weight and cardiometabolic markers when combined with GLP-1 receptor agonism.
A dual GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist studied for weight loss and metabolic liver disease (NASH/MASH). Phase 2 data showed significant body weight reduction and improvements in liver fibrosis markers, distinguishing it from purely GLP-1 class compounds.
An NNMT inhibitor studied for fat cell metabolism, NAD+ pathway support, and metabolic health in mouse models. Research documents reductions in fat mass and improvements in metabolic markers. Human trial data is not yet available as of 2025.
A naturally occurring neuropeptide with FDA-approved history studied for social bonding, anxiety reduction, and metabolic effects. One of the most extensively researched endogenous peptides in neuroscience, with a well-established pharmacological profile across multiple indications.
A naturally occurring neuropeptide studied for immune modulation, gut health, inflammation reduction, and neuroprotection. Acts via VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors. Phase 2 clinical trial data exists under the name aviptadil in pulmonary arterial hypertension research.
A copper tripeptide analog related to GHK-Cu, studied for hair follicle stimulation and scalp health. Research proposes mechanisms including TGF-beta modulation, VEGF upregulation, and copper delivery to follicular enzymes. Most data comes from in vitro and preclinical studies.
A Russian peptide bioregulator tripeptide studied for neuroprotection, cognitive function, and pineal gland support. Research focuses on anti-apoptotic effects in neurons and support for the melatonin synthesis pathway. Limited independent replication outside the originating research group.
A coenzyme central to cellular energy production and DNA repair. Studied for metabolic health, cognitive function, and healthy aging. Research interest has grown substantially as NAD+ levels are observed to decline with age across multiple tissue types.
A pegylated form of Mechano Growth Factor studied for muscle repair, satellite cell activation, and recovery from muscle damage. The pegylation extends half-life significantly compared to native MGF, supporting sustained signaling in recovery research contexts.
A thymus-derived peptide bioregulator studied for immune restoration and age-related immune decline in Russian clinical research. Published long-term studies in elderly populations report improvements in immune cell counts and mortality markers over extended follow-up periods.
An FDA-approved hormone studied for hormonal axis support, testosterone production maintenance, and fertility applications. Mimics LH to directly stimulate testicular testosterone synthesis, making it a reference compound in hormonal support research.
The body's master antioxidant tripeptide, studied for detoxification, immune function, skin health, and cellular protection. Naturally produced in every cell, glutathione levels decline with age and are studied as a marker of oxidative stress burden across multiple disease contexts.
A peptide-based neurotrophic agent studied for neuroprotection, cognitive enhancement, and stroke recovery. Clinically used in Europe and Asia for decades, with multiple randomized controlled trials in stroke rehabilitation and dementia providing a stronger evidence base than most cognitive peptides.
An investigational dual GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist studied for weight loss and metabolic health in Chinese clinical trials. Phase 2 and Phase 3 data show meaningful weight reduction and glycemic improvements. Regulatory submission filed in China as of 2025.
An FDA-approved GLP-1 receptor agonist with extensive clinical trial data for weight management and type 2 diabetes. The LEADER cardiovascular outcomes trial established it as the first GLP-1 agonist to demonstrate reduced major adverse cardiovascular events in a large randomized trial.
An investigational myostatin inhibitor studied for muscle mass preservation. Phase 2 trials in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy confirmed increases in lean body mass but were halted by the sponsor due to vascular side effects. Development has been discontinued.
A synthetic peptide derived from angiotensin IV research, studied as an HGF/Met signaling modulator for synaptogenesis and cognitive enhancement in preclinical studies, with no published human clinical trials as of 2025.
A nine-amino-acid neuropeptide first isolated during slow-wave sleep, studied for sleep architecture modulation, HPA axis normalization, and cortisol regulation.
A synthetic cyclic analog of alpha-MSH developed in the 1980s, studied for skin pigmentation, sexual arousal, and appetite suppression.
A synthetic mitochondria-targeting peptide studied in cellular energy and mitochondrial function research.